![]() The pressure of water vapor is static at 47 mmHg at body temperature and significantly depends on temperature. Therefore, partial pressure of oxygen within the upper airway is taken as inspired PO (PiO). This process introduces water vapors that adjust the partial pressures of all gases, including oxygen. When air is inhaled through the upper airways, it is warmed and humidified by the pulmonary tract. However, these partial pressures are not accurate reflections of the partial pressures available for diffusion within the alveoli of the lung. Therefore, at sea level, where atmospheric pressure is 760 mmHg, the partial pressures of the various gases can be estimated to have partial pressures of approximately 593 mmHg for nitrogen, 160 mmHg for oxygen, and 7.6 mmHg for argon. The composition of environmental air is approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% argon, and trace percentages of other gases, such as carbon dioxide, neon, methane, helium, krypton, hydrogen, xenon, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, iodine, carbon monoxide, and ammonia.
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